Global Maps of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles Depletions Based on FORMOSAT‐7/COSMIC‐2 Ion Velocity Meter Plasma Density Observations

FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 is the largest equatorial multi-satellite constellation of six full-size satellites to study ionosphere. Each satellite equipped by an ion velocity meter (IVM) instrument provide high rate in situ plasma density observations along low-inclined orbits at ∼530–550 km altitude. Six unprecedented dense coverage entire region around globe and allow reliable detection bubbles (EPBs) irregularities different local times/longitudinal sectors simultaneously. We present a method for EPBs data construction global maps EPB geolocations. The results form time series IVM-based Bubble Maps have great potential both near real-time monitoring space weather conditions long-term statistical analysis occurrence regional or scales. first derived climatological characteristics post-sunset post-midnight probability their apex altitudes during period low solar activity. Also, we demonstrate good performance when compared optical images ground-based ionosonde observations.